Cooling system for internal-combustion engines



1,623,803 Apnl 5, 1927- w. w. MUIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Original/ Filed Auz. 16, 1922 3 Sheefs-Sheet 1 w Muir I y Attorney April 5 1927. ,623,803

W. W. MUIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Original Filed Aug. 16. 1 2 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W W: Mull Inventor y z um'q w Attorney April 5, 1927.

W. W. MUlR COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Original Filed Aug. 16, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 4 W W: M uir Inventor L Attorney PATENT orrlce.

WELLINGTON w. mm, or nocirroazr, New roux.

COOLING BYSTEI FOB INTEBNAL-GQMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed August 16, 1922, Serial No. 582,213. Renewed November 12, 1824. i

This invention relates to cooling systems for internal combustion engines, for its object to provide a system which will enable the manufacturer to locate the water pump at any position desired relative to the radiator and to the water jacket.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel details of construction and in the .relation of parts more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanyin drawings forming a part of this specification, 1n which like numeralsdesignate like parts in all the views:

Figure 1 is a in section of a steam the pump located on a of the radiator;

Figure 2 is an end elevational view of a portion of the engine casting showing a cover for the rockerarms and their coacting parts;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of a slightly modified form of the system illustrating the pump as ocated on a-level near the top of the radia r;

Figure 5 is a vie similar to Figure 4, illustrating a further modified form of the system having its pump located on a level near the middle of the radiator;

Figure 6 is a view similar to F1 re 5 illustrating another modification of t e system having its .pump located on a level below the water jacket and near that of the top of the radiator; and

Figure 7 illustrates a still further modification with a pump located on a level with the bottoms of the radiator and water jacket. 1

In order that the precise invention may be the more clearly understood, it is said: For practical reasons, well known to manufacturers, it is of great advantage to be able to locate the water pump of acooling system diagrammatic view part1 cooling system wit level near the bottom at any point desired relative to the radiator p and to the jacket. On the other hand, it is. further well known that. it is very desirable in steam cooling systems to use-centrifugalforms of water pumps and that centrifugal pumps will not operate satisfactorily unless t ere is a certain head of water maintained on the suctionside of the pump. Therefore,'when it comes to loeatmg a cenand has 4 ently appear. Referring more trifugal pump at a point low in the steamcooling system, one is liable to not provide a sufliclent head of water under all conditlons on the suction side of the pump to operate satisfactorily; and this difliculty increases as the position of the pum is raised relatively to the position of the ottom of the radiator.

In addition to this, it is still further well known that unless the air which is sure to find .its way into a centrifugal ump is readily gotten rid of, the pump wi fail to function properly. That is to say, if a centrifugal pump could be always filled with Water it would not be necessary to supply a constant headof water on the suction side of the pump, but due to the pump operating intermittently in practice, unless there is a constant head of water feeding the suction side of the pump, both when it is running and when it. is idle, air is inevitably drawn into the pump around the impeller and is tra ped there with the water. This presence 0? air in the pump causes it to fail in its 0 eration due to the fact that the water in t e pipe leading from the force side of the pump offers a suflicient resistance to prevent the air from escaping from the impeller of the pump provided it is there in any great quantity.

By this invention, on the other hand, the above objections are overcome as will presespecially to Figures and 3, 1 indicates any suitable engine having a water jacket with a normal water level, at 2. 3 indicates a pipe leading into the radiator 4, having a tank 5, and 6 indicates a pipe leading from said tank 5 to the point 7, where it is joined by the inclined pipe 8 leading to the inlet, or suction side of the pump 9, provided with the shaft 10 and having joined to .its delivery side the pipe 11 leading back to theengine jacket, and provided with the goose neck 12 having the bleeder opening 14, and delivering in said jacket as at 13.

The pump 9 is of the centrifugal double impeller type, having the centrally dis osed late 15, carrying on one side a do'ub e set of impeller blades 16, and on its other side a double set of impeller blades 17. .The condensed fluid from pipe 8 enters the pump 9 I causes said fluid to pass into the channel '21,

thence to the point 22 between the impeller] blades 17. The latter blades by centrifugal action force the fluid into the convolute channel 23 in all respects similar to channel 20, and out of said channel 23 to the point 24 and into the pipe 11.

During the passage of the fluid around the circuit just described, should there be present a mlxture of air and alcohol, which is usually the case, the alcohol will be caught in the condensed water before it reaches .the point 7, and the air will-separate at said point, and be carried ofi through the event pipe to the space 31 in the top of the radi-, ator whence it escapes out of the filling opening 32, through the whistle 33 carried by the filling cap 34. Said space 31 is separated from the condensing portion of the radiator by the diaphragm or partition 35 as shown.

Should any air be carried past the oint 7 into the pipe .8, the inclination of said pipe will cause said air to escape back to the point 7 and out the vent 30, while any air that finds its way into the channels 20,

.21 and 23, will be carried past the check valve, 36 around the circuit to be eliminated at the oint 7.-

It W1 1 now be clear that. in the construc-' tion just disclosed, there may always be suflicient pressure in the system and therefore-in the tank 5 due to the air present or to the ressure of the water vapor or steam in the jacket, to raise the condensed liquid from said tank 5 to the point 7 and to maintain the level of said liquid at such point.

Itwill further be clear that owing to the .inclination of the pipe 8 any ,air which would be in a quantity sufiicient to stop the operation of the pump 9 would readily escape up said pipe 8 to the point-7, and be carried to the atmosphere from the vent 30. Any smaller quantity of air that would be caught in the pump 9 would be forced along with the water, ast the valve 36, back into the jacket and e returned to the suction side of the pump, where it would be eliminated at the point 7.

It thus results that so long as the pum is operating the air is gradually eliminate from the system and the operation of the centrifugal pum on a steam cooling system gets better and etter as time goes on. On the other hand, when the pumpstops, the inclination of the pipe 8 keeps the pump full of water and prevents air from enter-' learn the condition of his system, a gage glass 40 is provided as illustrated and in standard construction.

ther serves to maintain sai said glass is a float 41 in order to keep it clean or scoured so to speak, and thus better show the level of the water in the jacket. Spring '42 controlled by the screw cap v .3 presses on said glass to give it a cushioned support, and prevent breakage during hard usages of travel. A metal shieldv44 which only partiall surrounds the. glass .is provlded in or er to prevent it from being broken due to impacts of cold .air' or cold water that may splash against the glass. The upper portion 46. of the motor casing igpreferablyofthe shape shown in Figure 2, to provide a space 50 to accommodate the valve rods 47, the rocker arms 48and their associated parts, which may all be of a saidspace 50 and operatin parts and furtively warm temperature, and thus tend to prevent expansions and contractions which are found to give trouble in actual use. The peculiar shape shown in Figure 2 in addition forms a small steam space 51 below the point at which the pipe 3 connects with the motor, which space is found to be very useful'when it is desired to operate this sys tem on the semi-wet principle.v

That is to say, at present it is found desirable to greatly restrict the amount of steam passing into the radiator. Instead of using steam alone-in theradiator under the semi-wet system a- .mixture of steam and boiling hot water is passed through said radiator and in this 'case it. is found to be of advantage to provide a relatively small,

and principle is substantially the same as- 1n Figure 1, the main difference residing in the fact that the filler cap 52 is so located that liquid cannot rise in the jacket higher than said cap and further that the pump 53 is located on a level substantially equal to that of the top of the water jacket and the top of the radiator. However, the pressure in the system causes condensed fluid from the tank 5 to rise to a point '54 sufficiently high to keep the pump 53 always primed. 55 represents a vent and 56 a pipeon the force side of the pump back to the jacket.

In the form of the system shown in Figure 5, the arrangement of parts is similar, to that shown in Figure 4, except the pump 58 is locatedon a level substantially the same keeps it'always primed. The return pipe 62 carries the fluid back to the jacket.

parts at a rela- A cover 49 covers IOU Figure 6, the pump 63v is located below the bottom of the acket, and substantially on 'a level with the top of the radiator. The pressure ofthe air and water vapor in the space causes the water condensed in the tank 5 to be raised through the pipe 66 into the tank 67 whence air escapes from said fluid throughthe vent 68 and the head of water provided by said tank 67 keeps the pump 63 always primed. Pipe 69 returns water from the pump to the jacket.

In the form of the invention shown in Figure 7, the pump 70 is located at the lower portion or below the jacket the pressure in the system causing the condensed water from the tank 5 to rise through the pipe 71 into the tank 72 which suppliesa constant head of water on the suction side of the pump through the connection 73. I

Any air which may be passed over with the condensed water escapes through openings 74 in the small compartment 75, provided with the float valve 7 6, which controls the vent 77. v p

It will now be clear that in all the forms of the inventionthere is provided a construction which enables the manufacturer to place a self-primed and intermittently operating centrifugal pump at any point relative to the motor and the radiator which'may be desired It will further be clear that each of these forms permit the entrapped air to readily escape from the pump and that the pump may function either continuously or intermittently Without any trouble at all in a steam cooling system.

In the form of pump shown in Figure 1, a. double set of impeller blades .is employed so that it may operate at a low speed. This is a recognized advantage in this art, and of course, each of the other pumps 53, 58, 63 and 70 may be the same type if desired.

By removing the cap 34, the system may be filled with liquid up to the point 32, whereupon it will function as an ordinary water cooled system and therefore, one can readily change this invention from a steam to a water system.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction as well as the arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and

therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be. required by the claims.

What I claim is 1. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, the combination of an engine provided with a jacket; a'radiator; a connection between said radiator vand said jacket; 8. pump; a pipe adapted to convey condensed fluid from said radiator upwardly under the influence of pressure; a second pipe joining said first named pipe .bustion engines, t e combination of a jacket;

a radiator; a centrifugal pump; connections between said jacket and said radiator; connections between the force side of said pump and said jacket; a pipe leading from the bottom of said radiator to the atmosphere; and an inclined passage from the suction side of said pump joining said first named pipe at a point between the bottom of said radiator and its opening to the atmosphere adapted to carry away 'any air before it becomes entrapped in said pump, substantially as described. I

3. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines the coi'nbination of a jacket; a radiator; a centrifugal pump; connections between said radiator and said jacket; connections between the force side of said pump and said jacket; a pipe leading upwardly from the bottom of said radiator to the atmosphere and adapted to have the condensed fluid from said radiator forced p wardly therein by the pressure existing in the system; and an inclined pipe joined at its upper end to said first named pi e at a point above the bottom of the radia or and joined at its lower end to the suction side of the pump, substantially as described.

4. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a jacket and a radiator connected together; a centrifugal pump located above the bottom of said radlator connected on its force side with said jacket; a pipe leading upwardly from said-radiator to the atmosphere; and

connections from the suction side of said pump joining said last named pipe at a point above the bottom of said radiator, substantially as described. j

5. The method of causing the jacket fluid in the'cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine to flow to a desired point in said circuit which consists in va orizing said fluid; condensing portions of t e vaporized fluid; causing the pressure of other portions of said fluid to force the condensed portions thereof to the said desired point; forcing said condensed fluid back into said jacket; and separating out any air which may be entrained in said condensed portions before said forcing action takes place.-

, 6. The method of causing the jacket fluid in the cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine to flo'w to any desired point in said circuit which consists in vaporizing said fluid; condensing portions of the vaporized "as v fluid; causing the pressure of other portions of said fluid to force the condensed portions thereof to the desired point; forcing said fluid back into said jacket; and separating out any air which may be entrained in said 'condensed portions at said point; before passing said fluid back to said jacket.

7. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a jacket and a radiator connected together; a pump located above the bottom of said radiator connected on its force side with said jacketa vent passage leading upwardly from said radiator to the atmosphere; and connections from the suction side of said pump joining said last named passage at a point above the bottom of said radiator, substantially as described.

8. In a cooling system for internal com bustion engines, the combination of arjacket and a radiator connected together; means for automatically venting said radiator; and

means inc uding a centrifugal pump connected on its force side with. said acket, for

automatically separatin air from liquid in I the suction side of sai' pump and passing separating air from the ,li uid present in said pump on its suction side. 7

10. In a coolin system for internal combustion engines, t e combination of, a jacket; a radiator; a fluid conducting passage from said jacket-to said radiator; a pump, connected on its force side with said jacket, adapted to separate air from liquid in the suction side thereof; and means for conducting said separated air awa from said pump while supplying fluid t ereto from said radiator.

11. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines,the combination of a jacket; a radiator; a fluid conducting passage from said jacket to said radiator; a pump, connected on its force side with said. jacket, adapted to separate air by centrifu al action from liquid in the suction side, t ereof; and common meahs for conducting said separated air away from said pump while supplying fluid thereto from said radiator.

12; In a cooling system involving forced circulation and including a jacket, a radiator, and connections therebetween, the combination of means for separating air from liquid in the suction side of the foremg means; and means for conducting the separated a'-r from said forcing means While supplying fluid thereto from the radiator. In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WELLINGTON W. MUIR' a 

